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    "label": "Caricature of Charles Darwin by Frederick Waddy.",
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    "metadata": [
        {
            "label": "Collection",
            "value": "Caltech Photographs"
        },
        {
            "label": "Series",
            "value": "Photographs of Individuals"
        },
        {
            "label": "Dates",
            "value": [
                "1871"
            ]
        },
        {
            "label": "Extents",
            "value": [
                "1 photographs"
            ]
        },
        {
            "label": "Abstract",
            "value": [
                "Published in the illustrated journal, Once A Week. In 19th century Victorian England, the average citizen gained much of his/her knowledge from the pages of newspapers and illustrated magazines of the day. One such journal was Once A Week, where from 1868 to 1873 a series of contemporary \u2018Caricature Portraits of Eminent Public Men\u2019 were featured-all drawn by Frederick Waddy, and each subject accompanied by a short biography. Charles Darwin would become one such subject of Waddy\u2019s pen after the 1871 publication of Darwin\u2019s Descent of Man, and Selection in Relation to Sex. By exaggerating Darwin\u2019s prominent features-his long beard, heavyset eyebrows, and large forehead-Waddy, as well as other graphic artists of the day, created an ape-like image of Darwin. Such images of Darwin would very quickly come to represent the theory of evolution itself-or \u2018Darwinism\u2019 in popular terms, a word coined by Thomas Henry Huxley, who reviewed Darwin\u2019s 1859 On the Origin of Species. Thanks to this and other Darwin caricatures, his persona as well as his publications became very popular, while other prominent English evolutionists such as Huxley, Alfred Russel Wallace, and Herbert Spencer never attained such notoriety."
            ]
        }
    ],
    "attribution": "<p>These digitized collections are accessible for purposes of education and research. Due to the nature of archival collections, archivists at the Caltech Archives and Special Collections are not always able to identify copyright and rights of privacy, publicity, or trademark. We are eager to <a href=\"mailto:archives@caltech.edu\">hear from any rights holders</a>, so that we may obtain accurate information. Upon request, we\u2019ll remove material from public view while we address a rights issue.</p>",
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